Background
This Psalm has the title “Maschil,” which means instruction. It also has the title: “A Psalm of David, when the Ziphims came and said to Saul, Doth not David hide himself with us?” This refers to I Samuel 23:19,20: “Then came up the Ziphites to Saul to Gibeah, saying, Doth not David hide himself with us in strong holds in the wood, in the hill of Hachilah, which is on the south of Jeshimon? Now therefore, O king, come down according to all the desire of thy soul to come down; and our part shall be to deliver him into the king’s hand.”
God delivered David from this attack. The Ziphites tried again in I Samuel 26:1: “And the Ziphites came unto Saul to Gibeah, saying, Doth not David hide himself in the hill of Hachilah, which is before Jeshimon?” Although Saul sought David, God delivered Saul into David’s hand at that time. Yet David showed Saul mercy and did not kill him.